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Abstract
BackgroundOur previous study showed that fatty acids extract obtained from CLA-enriched egg yolks (EFA-CLA) suppressed the viability of MCF-7 cancer cell line more effectively than extract from non-enriched egg yolks (EFA). In this study, we analysed the effect of EFA-CLA and EFA on transcriptome profile of MCF-7 cells by applying the whole Human Genome Microarray technology.ResultsWe found that EFA-CLA and EFA treated cells differentially regulated genes involved in cancer development and progression. EFA-CLA, compared to EFA, positively increased the mRNA expression of TSC2 and PTEN tumor suppressors as well as decreased the expression of NOTCH1, AGPS, GNA12, STAT3, UCP2, HIGD2A, HIF1A, PPKAR1A oncogenes.ConclusionsWe show for the first time that EFA-CLA can regulate genes engaged in AKT/mTOR pathway and inhibiting cell cycle progression. The observed results are most likely achieved by the combined effect of both: incorporated CLA isomers and other fatty acids in eggs organically modified through hens’ diet. Our results suggest that CLA-enriched eggs could be easily available food products with a potential of a cancer chemopreventive agent.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12263-016-0537-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) term includes several isomers of linoleic acid (18:2), naturally present in ruminant and dairy products, due to the activity of the rumen microflora [25, 30]
Both CLA isomers were found incorporated into the yolk, and their concentration did not reflect their initial proportion in the experimental diets (Additional file 1: Table S1), with the preference for the cis-9,trans-11 isomer
Treatment with fatty acids extract from non-enriched egg yolks (EFA)-CLA reduced the cell proliferation by approximately 40 % compared to the negative control, while EFA reached 20 % (Fig. 2)
Summary
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) term includes several isomers of linoleic acid (18:2), naturally present in ruminant and dairy products, due to the activity of the rumen microflora [25, 30]. Little is known about the effect of fatty acids (FA) from CLA-enriched food products on cancer cells [16, 46]. Our previous study showed that FA extracts obtained from CLA-enriched egg yolks (EFA-CLA) suppressed the viability of MCF-7 cancer cell line more effectively than the extracts from non-enriched egg yolks (EFA) [32]. To analyze the potential molecular mechanism, we decided to compare the effects of both extracts on MCF-7 cells transcriptome profile. Our previous study showed that fatty acids extract obtained from CLA-enriched egg yolks (EFA-CLA) suppressed the viability of MCF-7 cancer cell line more effectively than extract from non-enriched egg yolks (EFA). We analysed the effect of EFA-CLA and EFA on transcriptome profile of MCF-7 cells by applying the whole Human Genome Microarray technology
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