Abstract
The study reveals the results of the analysis of fatty acid composition of muscle, liver and gonad tissues of the whitefish Coregonus lavaretus L. of different ages from lakes Lovozero and Umbozero of the Kola Peninsula. The analysis of fatty acid composition in organs and tissues allows to evaluate the physiological characteristics of the organism. It was found that the content of monoenoic fatty acids in the muscles of the whitefish from lake Lovozero is higher than that of the whitefish from Umbozero. It is probably due to the features of the food base of the objects studied. In the muscles of immature whitefish of lake Umbozero the content of polyenic fatty acids is higher compared to the fish from Lovozero. The content of PUFA significantly increases in the mature whitefish from Umbozero lake perhaps due to the temperature regime in water bodies and different rates of motor activity of fish. Lower levels of PUFA in the liver of the whitefish from Lovozero lake may indicate reduced metabolism in hepatocytes. In the gonads of female whitefish from the studied water bodies, the content of saturated fatty acids is low compared to the polyene fatty acids which is characteristic for the viscosity reduction in the membranes of oocytes.
Highlights
A significant criterion for evaluating the physiological state of fish is the analysis of fatty acid composition
The content of monoenoic fatty acids (MUFA) in the muscles of the whitefish from lake Lovozero is higher than in the whitefish from Umbozero (Figure 1)
In the gonads of the whitefish females from the two water bodies, the content of saturated fatty acids is low compared to the polyenic fatty acids, this indicates the reduction of the membrane viscosity, which is necessary for optimal entrance of the components inside the oocyte during the process of gonad maturation
Summary
A significant criterion for evaluating the physiological state of fish is the analysis of fatty acid composition. During the first years of life cycle, fatty acid composition of tissues and organs changes, ensuring the adaptation of fish to the environmental changes. The increased content of polyenic fatty acids in lipids, unlike monoenic and saturated, is related with the increase in the level of fish mobility, as well as decrease in temperature of the environment. Fatty acids provide the integrity of cell membranes and determine membrane permeability, the activity of membrane-bound enzymes [1]. The study analyzes fatty acid composition of muscle tissue, liver and gonads of females of a valuable commercial species – whitefish Coregonus lavaretus L. from Lovozero and Umbozero Lakes of the Kola Peninsula
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