Fatty acid composition of adipose tissue in humans. Implications for the dietary fat-serum cholesterol-CHD issue

Abstract

Interest in studies of the fatty acid composition of adipose tissue has arised from the dietary fat-serum cholesterol-CHD issue. The fatty acid composition of depot fat reflects that of the diet. Gas chromatography analysis of subcutaneous adipose tissue yield objective and reliable information of the fatty acid composition of the habitual diet of individuals. A relative linoleic acid deficiency, as depicted by low adipose tissue linoleate levels, has not convincingly been demonstrated to be of importance in the aetiology of atherosclerosis or related disorders. Inverse correlation between n-3 fatty acids and coronary artery disease has been reported. Dietary supplementation of n-3 fatty acids may be of relevance, however the risk of hazardous side-effects do exist. In conclusion, a simple reduction of the total fat content of the diet still seems to be the most important strategy for prevention of atherosclerosis.