Abstract
The multigene superfamily of intracellular lipid binding proteins in mammals comprises up to now 13 different types of 14-15kDa proteins. whose foremost high-affinity ligands are long-chain fatty acids, retinoids and bile acids, respectively. The phylogenetically related proteins of highly conserved tertiary structure are encoded by genes. that are canonically structured into four exons and three introns. In addition, these genes are characterized by promoter regions with responsive elements common to many genes encoding lipid-metabolizing enzymes, that interact with nuclear receptors activated by peroxisome proliferators or fatty acids. On the basis of interactions of fatty acids -actually macronutrients - with the ligand activated nuclear receptors and with the fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) the regulation of FABP-expression and the functions of the various FABP-types in cellular lipid homeostasis, signal transduction and growth regulation will be reviewed.
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