Fattening and meat qualities of young pigs of different intensity of formation in early ontogenesis and intra-breed differentiation by melanocortin 4 receptor gene (Mc4r)

Abstract

The results of studies of fattening and meat qualities of young pigs of different intensity of formation in early ontogeny and different genotypes of the melanocortin 4 receptor gene (Mc4r) are presented, the level of correlations between traits and economic efficiency of animals in experimental groups
 The research was conducted in Druzhba-Kaznacheyivka LLC of Dnipropetrovsk region, Jazz meat-packing plant, genetics laboratory of the Institute of Pig Breeding and APV NAAS and livestock laboratory of the State Institution "Institute of Grain Crops NAAS". The work was performed according to the research program of NAAS №30 "Innovative technologies of breeding, industrial and organic production of pig products (" Pig breeding "). Evaluation of animals for fattening and meat qualities was carried out taking into account the following characteristics: the average daily increase in live weight during the period of control fattening, g; age of live weight 100 kg, days, length of chilled carcass, cm; length of bacon half of chilled carcass, cm; fat thickness at the level of 6-7 thoracic vertebrae, mm (Berezovsky, Khatko, 2005). Biometric processing of research results (Kovalenko et al., 2010) and calculation of economic efficiency of research results ("Methods of determining economic", 1983) was carried out according to generally accepted methods. It has been established that young pigs of the controlled population meet the requirements of class I and elite class in terms of fattening and meat qualities. Taking into account the intrabreed differentiation of large white animals by the gene of the melanocortin 4 receptor (Mc4r), the following was established. Young pigs of the Mc4r AG genotype outperform their Mc4r AA peers in terms of average daily live weight gain, age of 100 kg live weight, fat thickness at the level of 6-7 thoracic vertebrae and chilled carcass length by an average of 4.50%. The difference between the groups according to the Tyler B. index is 11.82 points (td = 3.70; P <0.01). According to the average daily gain of live weight, the difference between young pigs of different intrabreeding differentiation on the index "intensity of formation" is 4.69%, the age of 100 kg - 3.10% and the length of chilled carcass - 1.23%. The number of reliable relationships between fattening and meat qualities, as well as the indices of "intensity of formation" and Tyler B. is 75.0%, which indicates their use in breeding and breeding work. The use of young pigs of the Mc4r AG genotype and animals of group I, in which the index of "intensity of formation" is 0.996 ± 0.0126 provided additional products at the level of +2.65 - +2.71%.