Abstract
In Reply. — Drs Ullmann and Connor conclude that the approximate nature of the measurements used in our study greatly weakens the conclusions. As we discuss in the article, we are fully aware of the limitations of our measurement of intake; however, this would increase the probability of type II error (ie, falsenegative results) and bias the observed association toward the null. Inaccurate measurement would not, of course, increase the observed strength of the findings. 1 We believe that the main reason such a crude measurement instrument is effective is that there is a very large variability among dietary patterns in Italy. 2 Ullmann and Connor dismiss as trivial the observed difference in serum cholesterol level (0.15 mmol/L) between the low- and high-consumption categories of olive oil. This group difference expressed in milligrams per deciliter is 5.8 (216.6 mg/dL for low consumers and 210.8 mg/dL for high consumers in men);
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