Fatigue crack growth rate in ferrite-martensite dual-phase steel

Abstract

An empirical study is made on the fatigue crack growth rate in ferrite-martensite dual-phase (FMDP) steel. Particular attention is given to the effect of ferrite content in the range of 24.2% to 41.5% where good fatigue resistance was found at 33.8%. Variations in ferrite content did not affect the crack growth rate da/ dN when plotted against the effective stress intensity factor range ΔK eff which was assumed to follow a linear relation with the crack tip stress intensity factor range ΔK. A high ΔK eff corresponds to uniformly distributed small size ferrite and martensite. No other appreciable correlation could be ralated to the microstructure morphology of the FMDP steel. The closure stress intensity factor K cl , however, is affected by the ferrite content with K cl/K max reaching a maximum value of 0.7. In general, crack growth followed the interphase between the martensite and ferrite. Dividing the fatigue crack growth process into Stage I and II where the former would be highly sensitive to changes in ΔK and the latter would increase with ΔK depending on the R = σ min /σ max ratio. The same data when correlated with the strain energy density factor range ΔS showed negligible dependence on mean stress or R ratio for Stage I crack growth. A parameter α involving the ratio of ultimate stress to yield stress, percent reduction of area and R is introduced for Stage II crack growth so that the da/ dN data for different R would collapse onto a single curve with a narrow scatter band when plotted against αΔS.