Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) have already been discharged into the environment, including soil and water, as a result of their mass manufacture and ubiquitous use. This chapter outlines the transition and persistence of ENPs in soil and water after giving a brief summary of the fate of ENPs in the environment. The main elements that influence how long ENPs are retained, transported, and released into soils and groundwater are described. Furthermore, we also provide a thorough assessment of how the fate and transport of ENPs in soil and groundwater systems might be impacted by the physicochemical characteristics of media, nanoparticles, and flow. The final section of this chapter presents the research directions and perspectives for the fate and transport of ENPs in soils and water.
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