Fate of Listeria monocytogenes Inoculated onto the Surface of Model Turkey Frankfurter Pieces Treated with Zein Coatings Containing Nisin, Sodium Diacetate, and Sodium Lactate at 4°C

Abstract

The antimicrobial effects of zein coatings containing nisin, sodium lactate, and sodium diacetate against Listeria monocytogenes on turkey frankfurters at 4°C were determined. Our objectives were to determine whether zein, nisin, lactate, and diacetate alone or in combination could control the growth of L. monocytogenes on full-fat turkey frankfurters at 4°C and to determine whether lactate or diacetate had any synergistic effect on the activity of nisin. Turkey frankfurter pieces surface inoculated with L. monocytogenes strain V7 were treated with zein-ethanol-glycerol (ZEG), zein-propylene-glycol (ZPR), ethanol-glycerol (EG), propylene glycol (PR), nisin (N), sodium lactate (L), or sodium diacetate (D) alone or in combination. Over 28 days, treatment with N or D alone reduced L. monocytogenes counts on frankfurters by 6.6 or 6.3 log CFU/g, respectively. N-D treatment reduced L. monocytogenes by 6 log CFU/g. The zein solvents EG and PR reduced L. monocytogenes by about 5.6 and 5.2 log CFU/g, respectively, similar to the results obtained with ZEG and ZPR, which suggests that zein powder per se had no antimicrobial activity. After 28 days, ZEG-N-D, ZEG-N-D-L, ZPR-N-D, and ZPR-N-D-L yielded no detectable CFU. L alone was ineffective. No synergies were observed. N and D when used singly and the combinations of N-D, ZEG-N-D, ZEG-N-D-L, ZPR-N-D, ZPR-N-D-L, EG, and PR were effective as inhibitors of the growth of recontaminating L. monocytogenes cells on full-fat turkey frankfurters.