Fate of chemicals in plant-soil systems: Comparison of laboratory test data with results of open air long-term experiments

Abstract

Three laboratory short-term test systems were used to determine volatilization rates, mineralization rates, and conversion rates of 14 14C-labeled chemicals in soils or soil-plant systems. The chemicals covered a wide range of water solubility, vapor pressure, chemical stability, and biodegradability. In order to compare the data obtained with the environmental behavior of the respective chemicals, data from an outdoor experimental setup which had been shown to give residue data within the range limits of field conditions were used. Volatilization rates, mineralization rates, and conversion rates obtained in the laboratory were correlated to those found under outdoor conditions. Based on these correlations, predictions of field residues were made. The predicted values for total field residues were comparable to those found experimentally with the exception of two chemicals. The prediction of residues of unchanged parent compounds in the field was less satisfactory. The reasons for differences observed are discussed.