Fatal Cardiac Arrhythmias During Electronic Gaming in Patients With Genetically Mediated Heart Diseases

Abstract

BackgroundRecently, electronic gaming has been reported as a precipitant of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias in susceptible individuals. However, the prevalence of cardiac events in genetic heart diseases (GHDs) in the setting of electronic gaming has not been established. ObjectivesIn this study, we sought to define the prevalence of cardiac events occurring in the setting of electronic gaming in GHDs. MethodsRetrospective review of all patients evaluated and treated at Mayo Clinic’s genetic heart rhythm clinic from July 2000 to November 2022 was performed to identify patients with a history of playing electronic games at the time of their cardiac event. Cardiac event was used to define events occurring before diagnosis, and breakthrough cardiac event (BCE) was used for events occurring after diagnosis. ResultsOf the 3,370 patients with a GHD (mean age at first evaluation 27 ± 19 years, 55% female), 1,079 (32%) had a cardiac event before diagnosis, with 5 patients (0.5%) having an electronic gaming–associated event (3 catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, 1 long QT syndrome, and 1 premature ventricular contraction–triggered ventricular fibrillation). After diagnosis and treatment, 431 patients (13%) experienced ≥1 BCE during follow-up, of which 1 electronic gaming–associated BCE (0.2%) occurred in a patient with catecholamine-sensitive right outflow tract ventricular tachycardia. ConclusionsAlthough anecdotal cases of electronic gaming–associated life-threatening arrhythmias have been reported, in this largest single-center study to date, we show that these are extremely rare occurrences. While electronic gaming can have adverse health consequences, the threat of electronic gaming–triggered sudden death should not be used to try to curb time spent gaming.