Abstract
BackgroundSeveral T2-mapping sequences have been recently proposed to quantify myocardial edema by providing T2 relaxation time values. However, no T2-mapping sequence has ever been validated against actual myocardial water content for edema detection. In addition, these T2-mapping sequences are either time-consuming or require specialized software for data acquisition and/or post-processing, factors impeding their routine clinical use. Our objective was to obtain in vivo validation of a sequence for fast and accurate myocardial T2-mapping (T2 gradient-spin-echo [GraSE]) that can be easily integrated in routine protocols.MethodsThe study population comprised 25 pigs. Closed-chest 40 min ischemia/reperfusion was performed in 20 pigs. Pigs were sacrificed at 120 min (n = 5), 24 h (n = 5), 4 days (n = 5) and 7 days (n = 5) after reperfusion, and heart tissue extracted for quantification of myocardial water content. For the evaluation of T2 relaxation time, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) scans, including T2 turbo-spin-echo (T2-TSE, reference standard) mapping and T2-GraSE mapping, were performed at baseline and at every follow-up until sacrifice. Five additional pigs were sacrificed after baseline CMR study and served as controls.ResultsAcquisition of T2-GraSE mapping was significantly (3-fold) faster than conventional T2-TSE mapping. Myocardial T2 relaxation measurements performed by T2-TSE and T2-GraSE mapping demonstrated an almost perfect correlation (R2 = 0.99) and agreement with no systematic error between techniques. The two T2-mapping sequences showed similarly good correlations with myocardial water content: R2 = 0.75 and R2 = 0.73 for T2-TSE and T2-GraSE mapping, respectively.ConclusionsWe present the first in vivo validation of T2-mapping to assess myocardial edema. Given its shorter acquisition time and no requirement for specific software for data acquisition or post-processing, fast T2-GraSE mapping of the myocardium offers an attractive alternative to current CMR sequences for T2 quantification.
Highlights
Several T2-mapping sequences have been recently proposed to quantify myocardial edema by providing T2 relaxation time values
New T2-mapping sequences have recently been proposed to overcome some of these limitations [7,8,9,10] and provide absolute quantification of myocardial T2 relaxation times that can be compared among studies, the reference standard being T2 turbo-spin-echo (T2-turbo spin echo (TSE)) [11, 12]
Duration of sequence acquisition and T2 relaxation time measurements performed by T2-TSE and T2-GraSE mapping Mean study acquisition length was 189 ± 19 s for T2-TSE mapping and 65 ± 8 s for T2-GraSE mapping (p < 0.001)
Summary
Several T2-mapping sequences have been recently proposed to quantify myocardial edema by providing T2 relaxation time values. New T2-mapping sequences have recently been proposed to overcome some of these limitations [7,8,9,10] and provide absolute quantification of myocardial T2 relaxation times that can be compared among studies, the reference standard being T2 turbo-spin-echo (T2-TSE) [11, 12]. These methods are either timeconsuming or require specialized software for data acquisition and/or post-processing, factors which limit their routine clinical use
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
