Abstract
In this work, a novel adsorbent attapulgite/graphene oxide magnetic composite (ATP/Fe3O4/GO) was synthesized for removing propranolol (PRO) from aqueous water. The factors affecting the PRO adsorption process onto ATP/Fe3O4/GO including pH, ionic strength, sorbent dosage, and humic acid were systematically investigated by batch experiments. Meanwhile, magnetic attapulgite (ATP/Fe3O4) and magnetic graphene oxide (GO/Fe3O4) were prepared for the comparison of the adsorption performance for PRO. The structural and surface characteristics of the resulting materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential measurements, and scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the adsorption rate of PRO onto ATP/Fe3O4/GO was up to 99%, faster and higher than that of other adsorbents involved at neutral pH. Moreover, the adsorption kinetics were better fitted with pseudo-first-order kinetic model than the second-order kinetic model. The adsorption data were fitted well with the Freundlich isotherm equations, implying that the adsorption process was heterogeneous. The adsorption reaction was endothermic and spontaneous according to the thermodynamic parameters. All results indicated that ATP/Fe3O4/GO was a promising adsorbent for removing PRO from water.
Highlights
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are highly consumed for people’s life quality, and there has been increasing awareness of the widespread presence of PPCPs in the environment at concentrations presenting as toxic for aquatic and soil ecosystems [1,2,3]
These results described that the adsorption with a higher value of R2, indicating that the PRO adsorption was not a monolayer adsorption on the process of PRO onto graphene oxide (GO) and ATP was a monolayer sorption, while the adsorption of PRO onto adsorbent surface
ATP/Fe3 O4 /GO was synthesized and applied in removing PRO from water, and the results suggested that it had the best adsorption performance among all the materials involved
Summary
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are highly consumed for people’s life quality, and there has been increasing awareness of the widespread presence of PPCPs in the environment at concentrations presenting as toxic for aquatic and soil ecosystems [1,2,3] These drugs have low retention in the human body with little or no changes to the chemical structure. There has been no reports in the literature of the adsorptive removal of PRO from an aqueous solution by an ATP/Fe3 O4 /GO ternary magnetic composite material, which can be separated with an external magnetic field and has a much higher adsorption capacity. The ATP/Fe3 O4 /GO ternary composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent to remove PRO from aqueous solutions.
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