Abstract
BackgroundGeneration of a SPECT scan during procedure may aid in the optimization of treatments as liver radioembolization by offering image-guided dosimetry. This, however, requires both shortened acquisition times and fast quantitative reconstruction. Focusing collimators increase sensitivity and thus may speed up imaging. Monte Carlo-based iterative reconstruction has shown to provide quantitative results for parallel hole collimators but may be slow. The purpose of this work is to develop fast Monte Carlo-based reconstruction for focusing collimators and to evaluate the impact of reconstruction and collimator choice on quantitative accuracy of liver dosimetry by means of simulations.ResultsThe developed fast Monte Carlo simulator was found to accurately generate projections compared to a full Monte Carlo simulation, providing projections in several seconds instead of several days. Monte Carlo-based scatter correction was superior to other scatter correction methods in describing recovered activity and reached similar noise levels as dual-energy window scatter correction. Although truncation artifacts were present in the cone beam collimator (50 cm), the region inside the field of view (FOV) could be reconstructed without loss of accuracy. Provided the object to image is inside the FOV, the focusing collimator with 50 cm focal distance could retrieve the same noise levels as a parallel hole collimator in 68% of the total scanning time, the multifocal collimator in 73% of the time, and the 100-cm focal distance collimator in 84% of the time.ConclusionFocusing collimators combined with Monte Carlo-based reconstruction have the ability to enable quantitative imaging of the FOV in a significantly shorter timeframe. The proposed approach to the forward projector will additionally make it possible to reconstruct within minutes. These are crucial steps in moving toward real-time dosimetry during interventions.
Highlights
Generation of a Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scan during procedure may aid in the optimization of treatments as liver radioembolization by offering image-guided dosimetry
The developed fast Monte Carlo simulator was found to accurately generate projections compared to a full Monte Carlo simulation, providing projections in several seconds instead of several days
Truncation artifacts were present in the cone beam collimator (50 cm), the region inside the field of view (FOV) could be reconstructed without loss of accuracy
Summary
Generation of a SPECT scan during procedure may aid in the optimization of treatments as liver radioembolization by offering image-guided dosimetry. This, requires both shortened acquisition times and fast quantitative reconstruction. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of technetium-99m macroaggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) is normally performed before treatment to study the sphere deposition in the liver and to ascertain minimal dose to healthy liver parenchyma and lungs. This scout scan would be performed shortly before the treatment to minimize changes in pathology and catheter position. If such a device were to acquire accurate SPECT images in a matter of minutes, real-time image-guided radioembolization procedures would become feasible
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