Abstract
The high throughput and rapid flame-assisted spray pyrolysis method has been adapted to synthesize cathode materials LiNi0.apCo0.15Al0.035O2 (NCA). This method is considered low cost and simple. By varying the precursor solution concentration and sintering temperature, the optimal condition was established at temperature sintering of 800 °C and precursor solution concentration of 1 M. X-ray diffraction patterns showed the as-prepared NCA particles exhibit a pure well-ordered hexagonal layer structure with high crystallinity. Polyhedral shaped micro-sized particles are confirmed by SEM images. Galvanostic charge–discharge tests were conducted using cylindrical full-cell utilizing artificial graphite as the anode. The highest specific initial discharge capacity measured between 2.7 and 4.3 V is 155 mAh g−1 with capacity retention of 92% after cycled at 0.2 C for 50 cycles. Thus, this method is considered as a satisfying approach for NCA mass production.
Highlights
The nickel-rich cathode materials of lithium-ion battery such as LiNi0.815 Co0.15 Al0.035 O2 (NCA)have been chosen for electric vehicular application due to their high energy density and power density [1,2].Higher Ni content and lower cobalt content of NCA increase the capacity of the layered cathodeEnergies 2020, 13, 2757; doi:10.3390/en13112757 www.mdpi.com/journal/energiesEnergies 2020, 13, 2757 material
Based on the XRD analysis result, a well ordered hexagonal structure of LiNi0.815 Co0.15 Al0.035 O2 sample was successfully synthesized via lithiation of mixed ternary oxide of Ni, Co, and Al
The physical, chemical characteristics and electrochemical properties of NCA were highly influenced by the sintering temperature and spray solution concentration
Summary
The nickel-rich cathode materials of lithium-ion battery such as LiNi0.815 Co0.15 Al0.035 O2 (NCA)have been chosen for electric vehicular application due to their high energy density and power density [1,2].Higher Ni content and lower cobalt content of NCA increase the capacity of the layered cathodeEnergies 2020, 13, 2757; doi:10.3390/en13112757 www.mdpi.com/journal/energiesEnergies 2020, 13, 2757 material. The nickel-rich cathode materials of lithium-ion battery such as LiNi0.815 Co0.15 Al0.035 O2 (NCA). Higher Ni content and lower cobalt content of NCA increase the capacity of the layered cathode. Current technologies for mass production of NCA are co-precipitation [5,6] and the solid-state method [7,8,9]. A large amount of wastewater containing hazardous and non-degradable chemicals is another problem [14]. To overcome these problems, a new approach of processing technology, which is fast and produces minimum waste, is in high demand [15]
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