Abstract
The existing deep learning-based Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) detectors can only detect limited types of PPE and their performance needs to be improved, particularly for their deployment on real construction sites. This paper introduces an approach to train and evaluate eight deep learning detectors, for real application purposes, based on You Only Look Once (YOLO) architectures for six classes, including helmets with four colours, person, and vest. Meanwhile, a dedicated high-quality dataset, CHV, consisting of 1330 images, is constructed by considering real construction site background, different gestures, varied angles and distances, and multi PPE classes. The comparison result among the eight models shows that YOLO v5x has the best mAP (86.55%), and YOLO v5s has the fastest speed (52 FPS) on GPU. The detection accuracy of helmet classes on blurred faces decreases by 7%, while there is no effect on other person and vest classes. And the proposed detectors trained on the CHV dataset have a superior performance compared to other deep learning approaches on the same datasets. The novel multiclass CHV dataset is open for public use.
Highlights
Construction usually involves high-risk activities requiring workers to operate at dangerous places and be exposed to risk
Previous research shows that wearing helmets is an effective way to reduce the probability of skull fracture, neck sprain, and concussion when falling from a height place [5]
For the You Only Look Once (YOLO) v5x model, two classes’ average precision (AP) are over 90% and all AP is above 80%, demonstrating a more accurate and balanced result
Summary
Construction usually involves high-risk activities requiring workers to operate at dangerous places and be exposed to risk. 2018, and 52.2% of them were caused by falling from a high place [2]. The majority of injuries, illness and fatalities could be avoided if workers wear suitable PPE, duch as helmets, safety glasses, gloves, and so on [4]. Previous research shows that wearing helmets is an effective way to reduce the probability of skull fracture, neck sprain, and concussion when falling from a height place [5]. Helmets could reduce the likelihood of severe brain injury by up to 95% for concrete block impacts [6]
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