Abstract
Reductions in system inertia due to increasing penetration levels of wind power may result in frequency stability issues. Thus, it is necessary to provide a comprehensive method to estimate the maximum level of wind power that can maintain a system's frequency within allowable security limits following a major disturbance. Here, a fast method to estimate maximum wind power penetration level (WPPL) that considers frequency cumulative effect is proposed. The method first establishes an average system frequency response (ASFR) model of integrated wind power and then calculates the corresponding frequency response trajectory characteristics. Subsequently, a new transient frequency security index (TFSI) based on the frequency cumulative effect is expressed. The physical basis for the TFSI is that it can objectively reflect the dynamic security state of the system frequency. The quantitative functional relationship between the WPPL and the TFSI can be obtained by combining the frequency response characteristics and the TFSI definition. A numerical expression for the maximum WPPL integrated into the grid can be obtained, and the maximum WPPL of the integrated wind power system can be instantaneously and quantitatively estimated. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed analytical method is demonstrated on a 10-machine 39-bus system.
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