Fast Implementation of Insect Multi-Target Detection Based on Multimodal Optimization

Rui Wang,Tianran Zhang,Weiming Tian,Jiong Cai,Cheng Hu,Yiming Zhang

doi:10.3390/rs13040594

Abstract

Entomological radars are important for scientific research of insect migration and early warning of migratory pests. However, insects are hard to detect because of their tiny size and highly maneuvering trajectory. Generalized Radon–Fourier transform (GRFT) has been proposed for effective weak maneuvering target detection by long-time coherent detection via jointly motion parameter search, but the heavy computational burden makes it impractical in real signal processing. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) has been used to achieve GRFT detection by fast heuristic parameter search, but it suffers from obvious detection probability loss and is only suitable for single target detection. In this paper, we convert the realization of GRFT into a multimodal optimization problem for insect multi-target detection. A novel niching method without radius parameter is proposed to detect unevenly distributed insect targets. Species reset and boundary constraint strategy are used to improve the detection performance. Simulation analyses of detection performance and computational cost are given to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method. Furthermore, real observation data acquired from a Ku-band entomological radar is used to test this method. The results show that it has better performance on detected target amount and track continuity in insect multi-target detection.

Highlights

Insect migration is a natural phenomenon occurring seasonally [1], but many migratory insects are agricultural pests and bring major crop production loss every year.entomological radars have been developed into one of the most effective tools for monitoring insect migration, making early warning systems possible to prevent pest outbreaks in time [2,3]
The across range unit (ARU) effect caused by target range-walk and across Doppler unit (ADU) effect caused by target maneuverability may occur in the long observation time
As typically weak maneuvering targets, insects cannot be effectively detected by traditional long-time integration methods due to the ARU and ADU effects in the observation of entomological radar

Summary

Introduction

Insect migration is a natural phenomenon occurring seasonally [1], but many migratory insects are agricultural pests and bring major crop production loss every year.entomological radars have been developed into one of the most effective tools for monitoring insect migration, making early warning systems possible to prevent pest outbreaks in time [2,3]. Valuable information can be provided for biological insect research, including flight orientation, velocity, and species identification [4,5,6,7] Unlike targets such as unmanned aerial vehicles or large birds, insects are much smaller and often fly hundreds of meters above the ground with complex trajectories [8], which can be considered as typically weak and maneuvering targets. The across range unit (ARU) effect caused by target range-walk and across Doppler unit (ADU) effect caused by target maneuverability may occur in the long observation time. Both of the long-time integration methods need to correct the ARU

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion