Abstract
A protocol for the creation of time-stationary squeezed states in a spin-1 Bose condensate is proposed. The method consists of a pair of controlled quenches of an external magnetic field, which allows tuning of the system Hamiltonian in the vicinity of a phase transition. The quantum fluctuations of the system are well described by quantum harmonic oscillator dynamics in the limit of large system size, and the method can be applied to a spin-1 gas prepared in the low or high energy polar states.
Highlights
Creation and characterization of quantum squeezed and entangled states in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with internal spin degrees of freedom are frontier problems in the field of quantum-enhanced measurement and in the investigations of quantum phase transitions and nonequilibrium many-body dynamics [1,2]
Experimental studies of collisionally induced spin squeezing in condensates have mainly utilized time evolution following a magnetic field quench from an initially uncorrelated state to below the quantum critical point (QCP)
We have discussed a protocol for the preparation of time-stationary squeezed states in spin-1 BECs
Summary
Creation and characterization of quantum squeezed and entangled states in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with internal spin degrees of freedom are frontier problems in the field of quantum-enhanced measurement and in the investigations of quantum phase transitions and nonequilibrium many-body dynamics [1,2]. Spin squeezed states have been generated without quenching through the QCP by parametric excitation [7,8] In addition to these inherently nonequilibrium methods, there is much interest in utilizing adiabatic evolution in spin condensates to create nontrivially entangled ground states such as Dicke states and twin-Fock states [9]. In both cases, Gaussian fluctuations can be treated by means of quantum harmonic oscillator dynamics in the limit of large particle number. III we present our conclusions and several appendices discuss calculation of finite system-size energy gaps useful in estimating residual noise fluctuations, squeezing in the high-energy polar state, and a brief comparison with the optimal control protocol for our problem
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