Fast food consumption and its associations with heart rate, blood pressure, cognitive function and quality of life. Pilot study

Mohammad Alsabieh,Mohammad Alqahtani,Abdulaziz Altamimi,Abdullah Albasha,Alwaleed Alsulaiman,Abdullah Alkhamshi,Syed Shahid Habib,Shahid Bashir

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01566

Mohammad Alsabieh, Mohammad Alqahtani + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01566

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Journal: Heliyon	Publication Date: May 1, 2019
Citations: 20	License type: cc-by

Affiliation: King Saud University, King Fahad Specialist Hospital

Abstract

BackgroundTo investigate the relationship of fast food consumption with cognitive and metabolic function of adults (18–25 years old) in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and MethodThis cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The conventionally recruited subjects underwent an evaluation that included demographic data, quality of life (wellness, stress, sleepiness, and physical activity), mini-mental status examination, and the frequency of fast food consumption. To investigate metabolic function, blood was drawn to evaluate serum HDL, LDL, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. Cognitive function was assessed by the Cambridge neuropsychological test automated battery. The participants were divided into 2 groups based on fast food consumption: those who consumed fast food 3 times per week or less (Group 1) and those who consumed fast food more than 3 times per week (Group 2). ResultsThe mean diastolic blood pressure in Group 1 and Group 2 was 72 mmHg and 77 mmHg, respectively, a significant difference (p = 0.04). There was no significant difference for cognitive function and quality of life between the two groups. There was significant correlation of HDL with AST correct mean latency and the AST correct mean latency congruent (p = 0.02, p = 0.01, respectively) and TC with diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.003). ConclusionsWe concluded that fast food consumption has an effect on blood pressure but has no direct effect on cognition or quality of life.

Highlights

Fast food consumption has increased significantly worldwide
58% of the participants consumed less than 3 regular fast food meals per week, and 42% consumed 3 or more meals of fast food per week
We found that increase in an high-density lipoprotein (HDL) significantly decreased the Attention switch task (AST) correct mean latency, the AST correct mean latency congruent and AST correct mean latency incongruent (r 1⁄4 À0.284, p 1⁄4 0.028, r 1⁄4 À0.325, p 1⁄4 0.011, r 1⁄4 À0.215, p 1⁄4 0.051 respectively) (Fig. 2a and b, c)

Summary

Introduction

Fast food consumption has increased significantly worldwide. Fast food typically refers to food that is quickly prepared, rich in saturated fat, purchased from restaurants using precooked ingredients, and served in a packaged form [1]. Studies have shown impaired cognitive functioning in DM2, and obesity [13]. It is worth mentioning that fast food consumptions is increasing among Saudis in different age groups for both genders [16], as expected (Collison et al, 2010) found that the average fast food intake was 4.47 meal/week in different age groups, girls consumed more fast food than boys [17]. To investigate the relationship of fast food consumption with cognitive and metabolic function of adults (18–25 years old) in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. There was no significant difference for cognitive function and quality of life between the two groups. Conclusions: We concluded that fast food consumption has an effect on blood pressure but has no direct effect on cognition or quality of life

Results

Discussion

Conclusion