Fast and facile synthesis of silica coated silver nanoparticles by microwave irradiation

Abstract

A novel, fast and facile microwave technique has been developed for preparing monodispersed silica coated silver (Ag@SiO 2) nanoparticles. Without using any other surface coupling agents such as 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APS) or polymer such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), Ag@SiO 2 nanoparticles could be easily prepared by microwave irradiation of a mixture of colloidal silver nanoparticles, tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and catalyst for only 2 min. The thickness of silica shell could be conveniently controlled in the range of few nanometers (nm) to 80 nm by changing the concentration of TEOS. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV–visible spectroscopy were employed to characterize the morphology and optical properties of the prepared Ag@SiO 2 nanoparticles, respectively. The prepared Ag@SiO 2 nanoparticles exhibited a change in surface plasmon absorption depending on the silica thickness. Compared to the conventional techniques based on Stöber method, which need 4–24 h for silica coating of Ag nanoparticles, this new technique is capable of synthesizing monodispersed, uniform and single core containing Ag@SiO 2 nanoparticles within very short reaction time. In addition, straightforward surface functionalization of the prepared Ag@SiO 2 nanoparticles with desired functional groups was performed to make the particles useful for many applications. The components of surface functionalized nanoparticles were examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, zeta potential measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).