Abstract
A fast three-dimensional (3D) node localization algorithm in multipath for ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless sensor networks is developed. The algorithm employs a modified propagator method (MPM) for time delay estimation and then uses a marriage algorithm of 3D Chan and Taylor for range-based multilateral localization and node position computation. In the proposed algorithm, the traditional propagator method (PM) for direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is extended to frequency-domain time-of-arrival (TOA) estimation in multipath, which can effectively measure the distance between an unknown sensor node and an anchor node. MPM algorithm requires neither spectral searching nor covariance matrix estimation and its eigenvalue decomposition, which reduces the computational complexity. The marriage location algorithm enhances the robustness and accuracy of node localization. The simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in locating multiple unknown nodes of UWB wireless sensor networks in 3D space.
Highlights
Ranging and localization of unknown sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) [1] have drawn considerable attention in many aspects such as environmental monitoring, health tracking, smart home, machine-to-machine (M2M), and body area networks (BAN)
Since the energy and power carried by node equipment are limited, effective methods with low complexity, low power consumption, and good robustness for 3D node positioning are of great significance
Time delay estimation problem has been studied with a variety of super-resolution subspace techniques [7,8,9,10,11], such as multiple signal classification (MUSIC), total least square-estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique (TLS-ESPRIT), and matrix pencil (MP)
Summary
Ranging and localization of unknown sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) [1] have drawn considerable attention in many aspects such as environmental monitoring, health tracking, smart home, machine-to-machine (M2M), and body area networks (BAN). This paper investigates fast 3D node localization problem based on time delay measurement in multipath in ultrawideband (UWB) wireless sensor networks. In [12], we developed a unitary matrix pencil (UMP) based delay estimation algorithm for 3D localization in UWB wireless sensor networks, which can reduce the complexity load. We develop a fast range-based 3D node localization algorithm in multipath for UWB wireless sensor networks. The algorithm employs a modified propagator method (MPM) for frequency-domain time delay estimation and uses a marriage algorithm of 3D Chan and Taylor for range-based multilateral localization and node position computation. The simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in locating multiple unknown nodes of UWB wireless sensor networks in 3D space.
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