Abstract
Lipid metabolism participates in regulating the functions of granulosa cells (GCs), which is important for follicular development. In this experiment, goose GCs from pre-hierarchical follicles and hierarchical follicles were selected to be the model for studying the putative regulatory role of lipid metabolism in apoptosis and steroidogenesis, through overexpression and interference with fatty acid synthase (FASN). When FASN was overexpressed, the lipid accumulation was increased in hierarchical GCs (hGCs) and it was increased in the two categorized GCs when FASN was interfered. In addition, the apoptosis of the two categorized GCs was increased when FASN was overexpressed, and their progesterone production was decreased when FASN was interfered. The results of qRT-PCR showed that, when FASN was overexpressed, the expression level of CYP11A1 was decreased in pre-hierarchical GCs (phGCs), while the expression levels of SCD1, DGAT2, APOB, and StAR were increased in hGCs. When FASN was interfered, the expression levels of CPT-1, DGAT2, and StAR were decreased whereas the expression level of CYP11A1 was increased in phGCs, and the expression levels of CPT-1, SCD1, and StAR were decreased in hGCs. These results not only identify the different effects of manipulated FASN expression on lipid metabolism of goose phGCs and hGCs but also demonstrate that FASN-mediated lipid metabolism plays an important role in regulating apoptosis and steroidogenesis of in vitro cultured goose GCs.
Highlights
Female fertility depends on the normal development of ovarian follicles
The expression levels of fatty acid synthase (FASN) increased to almost 19- and 76fold compared to the control in pre-hierarchical GCs (phGCs) and hierarchical GCs (hGCs), respectively (Figure 1A)
Our results showed that in both phGCs and hGCs, the significantly increased amount of Lipid Droplets (LDs) was accompanied by the decrease in CPT1 when FASN was interfered and which was similar to the previous report
Summary
As the key follicular component, granulosa cells (GCs) are essential for follicular growth, maturation, and ovulation due to their pivotal roles in regulating cellular apoptosis and steroidogenesis. In contrast to the situation in mammals, lipid metabolism in GCs of avian may be FASN Regulates Granulosa Cells Function more crucial and complicated because of the deposition of large amounts of liver-synthesized yolk precursors (mainly lipids) as the follicles develop. Several lines of evidence showed that de novo lipogenesis (DNL) exists in the avian ovary including GCs, which may play important roles in regulating ovarian activities (Alvarenga et al, 2011). It is of great value to fully clarify the role of FASN-mediated lipid metabolism in GCs
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