Abstract
FASCISM AND LINGUISTIC AUTARKY The policy of linguistic autarky in Italy, linked to the general policy of fascism, is defined as such from 1937 with the publication of laws which had no real impact on the people. Therefore this policy becomes effective throughout so called neutral books (dictionaries of terms and language dictionaries). The study of some of those dictionaries shows how the linguistic borrowings from French are rejected : France was then considered as the main enemy of Italy and it had to be fought against by any means. The authoritarian linguistic policy is not the privilege of fascist Italy : Nowadays, France favors autarky (creation of the Haut Comité de la Langue Française) and Italy a foreign language because of its economical subordination to the United States of America.
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