Farsi Translation and Cultural Adaptation of Psychosocial Impact of Dental Esthetics Questionnaire and Evaluation of its Validity and Reproducibility

Abstract

AIMS: This study aimed to translate the psychosocial impact of dental esthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ) to Farsi and assess its cultural adaptation, validity, and reproducibility.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PIDAQ was translated to Farsi by experts fluent in Farsi and English. It was then back-translated to English by another expert blinded to the original version. The translated version was administered among 40 patients to assess its face validity and content validity. Final version of the questionnaire along with the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) and the perception of occlusion scale (POS) was administered among 400 patients (224 females, 176 males) to assess their need for orthodontic treatment. To assess its validity, the mean score of PIDAQ was evaluated in different ranges of IOTN-esthetic component (IOTN-AC), IOTN-dental health component (DHC), and POS. To assess its convergent validity, the PIDAQ, IOTN-AC, IOTN-DHC, and POS scores were evaluated. Its construct validity was evaluated by confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis. Its internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha and the split-half method. Its test-retest reliability was evaluated by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
 RESULTS: The Cronbach’s alpha was found to be 0.900–0.945 for the questionnaire domains, which showed good reliability. The ICC for the four questionnaire domains was 0.926, which was excellent. IOTN-DHC, IOTN-AC, and POS had significant correlations with the questionnaire domains.
 CONCLUSIONS: The Farsi version of PIDAQ has optimal validity and reliability and can be used for assessment of the dental esthetics-related quality of life of Iranian young adults.