Farm typology and structure of farmer decision making: The case of the production basin of the forest-savannah transition zone, Centre Cameroon Region

Abstract

Despite having a similar environment, not all of the farmers in a given region have the same history. They don't always share the same traits, and they don't always have the same access to land or diverse natural environment resources. This study aims to describe how agricultural production is organized in the Mbangassina-Ntui-Batchenga-Obala areas to improve food security, where agriculture is the primary economic activity. On 180 farms, mixed data were gathered, and a factorial analysis of the mixed data, along with a hierarchical ascending classification, allowed for the differentiation of 4 groups of farms. Farms in Type 1 (44.44%) have an average size of 2.51 ha, are predominately run by men, primarily employ family labor, and have the highest proportion of farmers. The majority of Type 3 farms (34.44%), which have an average area of 6.62 ha, are run by men and mostly employ family labor. The producers in this group are vulnerable to climate change and lack adaptation plans. Finally, 4 types of farms, which have an average size of 10.9 ha and are operated by both men and women utilizing family labor, account for 5.56% of all farms. All of these farmers are creating adaptation strategies as they recognize the effects of climate change. Through a correct understanding of the reasons that underpin the diversity of farms, this classification serves as a basis for the design of appropriate public policies. Taking into account this diversity of agricultural situations in the northern part of the Centre Cameroon Region is essential for the success of research and rural development operations. In addition, it would allow a more relevant use of typologies of knowledge on farms as a tool for sustainable development and decision support.