Abstract
Water management is one crucial component of agribusiness and municipal policy. One of the water-oriented dimensions is irrigation. In Pakistan, there is a lack of water system planning and water conservation management. This study is an effort to focus on water conservation and optimum crop yield using cost effective irrigation practices. This study is based on the comparative analysis among four irrigation techniques: flood irrigation (conventional), furrow, alternate furrow, and raised bed on wheat crop in order to decide the most efficient irrigation technique on clay loam soil. The wheat crop was cultivated in Rabi season from November 2015 to March 2018 on a one-acre area of a local farmer of Sajawal district, Sindh. Randomize complete block design (RCBD) method was used to design and allocate 3 irrigation sub-plots. The results show significance p
Highlights
Developing countries are focusing on the water scarcity problem in order to secure efficient food production
The results show that the soil was quite saline and local farmers did not have any idea about economical and efficient irrigation practices, because mostly they are uneducated and lack technical skills, they adopt traditional practices
The area of study for this research is composed of clay loam receiving canal water that is marginally saline but still good for irrigation
Summary
Developing countries are focusing on the water scarcity problem in order to secure efficient food production. To secure water resources and have optimum use of water, most countries take measures to conserve these resources and mitigate water shortage problems. Irrigation plays a vital role to food production and enhances the economy of a country [1], while most of the population of Asian countries is engaged in agriculture. There are various studies on performance evaluation of water and soil for integrated systems to attain efficient irrigation practices. There are various types of irrigation systems: border irrigation, furrow irrigation, flood irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and drip irrigation. Flood and border irrigation are inundating the land. Furrow irrigation comes in different types such as alternate furrow, surge, and raised beds. Sprinkler and drip are mechanized systems employing further water conservation strategies. There are generally three water sources for irrigation: groundwater, surface water, and non-conventional sources such as treated wastewater and desalinated water
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