Abstract
Salmonellosis is usually associated with foodborne transmission. To identify risk from animal contact, we compared animal exposures of case-patients infected with bovine-associated Salmonella subtypes with those of control-patients infected with non-bovine-associated subtypes. We used data collected in New York and Washington, USA, from March 1, 2008, through March 1, 2010. Contact with farm animals during the 5 days before illness onset was significantly associated with being a case-patient (odds ratio 3.2, p = 0.0008), after consumption of undercooked ground beef and unpasteurized milk were controlled for. Contact with cattle specifically was also significantly associated with being a case-patient (odds ratio 7.4, p = 0.0002), after food exposures were controlled for. More cases of bovine-associated salmonellosis in humans might result from direct contact with cattle, as opposed to ingestion of foods of bovine origin, than previously recognized. Efforts to control salmonellosis should include a focus on transmission routes other than foodborne.
Highlights
This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the Essential Areas and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education through the joint sponsorship of Medscape, LLC and Emerging Infectious Diseases
Laboratory Methods In New York, serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were performed on all Salmonella FoodNet isolates received by the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) during the study period
From March 1, 2008, though March 1, 2010, the NYSDOH received nontyphoidal Salmonella isolates from 835 patients within the NYS FoodNet catchment area
Summary
This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the Essential Areas and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education through the joint sponsorship of Medscape, LLC and Emerging Infectious Diseases. LLC is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians. All other clinicians completing this activity will be issued a certificate of participation To participate in this journal CME activity: [1] review the learning objectives and author disclosures; [2] study the education content; [3] take the post-test with a 70% minimum passing score and complete the evaluation at www.medscape.org/journal/eid; [4] view/print certificate. DVM, PhD, DACVM, have disclosed no relevant financial relationships. DVM, PhD, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships: served as an advisor or consultant for Pfizer Animal Health. Martin Wiedmann, DVM, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships: served as an advisor or consultant for Roka; owns stock, stock options, or bonds from Neogen, Sample Technologies
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