Farbdiskrimination und Stroop-Effekt bei Kindern mit chronischer Tic-Störung (CTS) und/oder Aufmerksamkeits-Defizit/Hyperaktivitäts-Störung (ADHS)

Abstract

Preliminary findings suggest that color perception, particularly of blue-yellow stimuli, is impaired in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as well as in adults with chronic tic disorders (CTD) but these findings are not replicated for children with CTS and it is unclear what these deficits mean for the comorbidity of ADHD + CTD. Four groups (ADHD, CTD, ADHD + CTD, controls) of children with similar age, IQ and gender distribution were investigated with the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue Test (FMT) and different versions of the Stroop-Task using a factorial design. Color perception deficits, as indexed by the FMT, were found for both main factors (ADHD and CTD), but there were no interaction effects. A preponderance of deficits on the blue-yellow compared to the red-green axis was detected for ADHD. In the Stroop task only the pure ADHD group showed impairments in interference control and other parameters of Stroop performance. Hence, the latter may be compensated in the comorbid group by good prefrontal capabilities of CTD. Furthermore there seemed to be correlations between color perception and the Stroop task. Basic color perception deficits in both ADHD and CTD could be found. Beyond that, it could be shown that these deficits are additive in the case of comorbidity (ADHD + CTD).