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Abstract
Fano resonances in nanostructures have attracted widespread research interests in the past few years for their potential applications in sensing, switching and nonlinear optics. In this paper, a mid-infrared Fano resonance in a hybrid metal-graphene metamaterial is studied. The hybrid metamaterial consists of a metallic grid enclosing with graphene nanodisks. The Fano resonance arises from the coupling of graphene and metallic plasmonic resonances and it is sharper than plasmonic resonances in pure graphene nanostructures. The resonance strength can be enhanced by increasing the number of graphene layers. The proposed metamaterial can be employed as a high-performance mid-infrared plasmonic sensor with an unprecedented sensitivity of about 7.93 μm/RIU and figure of merit (FOM) of about 158.7.
Highlights
In the past decade, the so called Fano resonance—a type of resonance originated from the constructive and destructive interference of a narrow discrete resonance with a broad spectral line or continuum—has attracted wide spread research interests in the nanophotonics community [1]
We have shown that the hybrid graphene-metal metamaterial exhibits sharp Fano resonance in the mid-IR range and it can be employed for high-performance sensing
The Fano resonance arises from the coupling of the broadband resonance of the metallic nanostructure and the narrowband plasmonic resonance of the graphene nanostructure
Summary
The so called Fano resonance—a type of resonance originated from the constructive and destructive interference of a narrow discrete resonance with a broad spectral line or continuum—has attracted wide spread research interests in the nanophotonics community [1]. The plasmonic resonances of metallic nanostructures can be employed to enhance light-graphene interactions in the visible and IR ranges [35,36] while graphene provides an ideal material to tune the optical properties of metamaterials [34,37,38,39]. Due to the different plasmonic properties of metal and graphene, a hybrid metal-graphene structure could be designed to show multi resonances in ultra-broadband spectral ranges from near to mid-IR ranges [40]. Their resonances can coupling with each other, exhibiting interesting resonant behavior such as Fano resonances [34,41,42]
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