Abstract
When placing the fish and fish products on the trade it is necessary to pay attention to the presence of zoonotic parasites that can lead to infection of people especially if the fish is consumed raw or undercooked. Epidemiologically the most important are helminths from the group of Nematoda. The most important are Anisaxis spp. and Eustrongylides excisus. Anisakiasis is a serious zoonotic disease with a dramatic increase in prevalence throughout the world in the last two decades. The larvae are found in marine fish species most frequently in sardines, herring and mackerel. Eustrongylidosis is a disease that occurs primarily in freshwater fish species: catfish, zander and pike, a cause is a parasite of the genus Eustrongylides of which the most important species is Eustrongylides excisus. In this paper, the nematodes that occur in fish that are present in the market in the Republic of Serbia are present. Investigations of Anisaxis spp. were carried out at the Institute of Veterinary Medicine Novi Sad in the period of 2000-2013. Total of 2414 samples of imported marine fish was inspected. In 25 (1.29 % ) samples of herrings (Clupea harengus ) and mackerels ( Scomber scombrus ) was identified Anisakis spp. Investigations of Eustrongylides spp . were carried out in the period 2010-2013 at the Danube- Tisa -Danube Canal. Samples were collected from zander (Sander lucioperca) and European catfish (Siluris glanis) in which the presence of nematodes was found in the abdominal cavity, muscles, the lumen of the stomach and gastric wall where the parasites were encapsulated. Individuals of zander were examined during the 2013 at the Veterinary Institute Novi Sad, where the presence of larvae Eustrongylides spp.u muscle was detected. In order to avoid infecting people with parasites of fish it is necessary to carry out continuous control and monitoring. Fresh fishes and traditional fish products must be inspected for the presence of parasites before they find on the trade. Continuous education is a key factor in combating zoonotic diseases. Avoid consumption of raw or poorly cooked fish is still the best preventive procedure.
Highlights
Zoonotic nematodes infect freshwater and marine fish species
People who are usually accidental hosts infected when ingest the third larval stage of the parasite that can be found in the internal organs and muscles of a large number of marine and anadromous fish (Bullini, 1997; Oliva, 1999)
The goal of this paper is to distinguish the presence of Anisakis spp. and Eustrongylides spp. nematodes in marine and freshwater fish species that are present in the market and inland waters of Serbia and to indicate the need for adequate preparation of fish meat
Summary
Zoonotic nematodes infect freshwater and marine fish species. Among these parasite Anisakis spp. has the highest medical importance because of the severe allergic reactions and gastrointestinal symptoms it causes in humans after eating or handling infected fish or crustaceans (Lima dos Santos and Howgate, 2011). These symptoms are especially prevalent in countries where it is common to eat raw or undercooked fish. People who are usually accidental hosts infected when ingest the third larval stage of the parasite that can be found in the internal organs and muscles of a large number of marine and anadromous fish (sardines, herring, salmon, tuna, mackerel, etc.) (Bullini, 1997; Oliva, 1999). In Serbia Anisakis can be present in imported marin fish
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