Family history of breast cancer increases the risk of prostate cancer: results from the EPICAP study.

Pierre-Jean Lamy,Sylvie Cénée,Brigitte Trétarre,Xavier Rebillard,Marie Sanchez,Florence Ménégaux

doi:10.18632/oncotarget.25320

Abstract

IntroductionFamilial aggregation is now well established with an increased risk of prostate cancer in patients with a family history of prostate cancer in first degree relatives. The aim of this paper was to investigate the role of family history of cancer in first degree relatives in prostate cancer risk.ResultsAs expected, a family history of prostate cancer in first-degree relatives was more frequent in cases than in controls (OR 3.10, 95% CI 2.32–4.15). A family history of early BCa (before age 50) in first-degree relatives was more frequent in cases than in controls (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.09–2.94) with higher risk of aggressive PCa. The association was more pronounced for BCa in daughters (OR 15.26 95% CI 1.95–120).ConclusionsIn summary, a family history of BCa in first degree relatives before age 50 may increases the risk of PCa with higher Gleason score. This finding could suggest a specific prostate surveillance and/or genetic counselling for men who present such familial history.MethodsEPIdemiological study of Prostate CAncer (EPICAP) is a population-based case-control study specifically designed to investigate the role of environmental and genetic factors in prostate cancer. Detailed information on family history of cancer in first degree relatives (parents, brothers and sisters, children) was collected as well as the age of occurrence and the localization of each cancer. Overall, 819 cases and 879 controls have been included.

Highlights

Familial aggregation is well established with an increased risk of prostate cancer in patients with a family history of prostate cancer in first degree relatives
In summary, a family history of breast cancer (BCa) in first degree relatives before age 50 may increases the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) with higher Gleason score
As expected in the literature, a family history of PCa in first-degree relatives was more frequent in cases than in controls (Table 2)

Summary

Introduction

Familial aggregation is well established with an increased risk of prostate cancer in patients with a family history of prostate cancer in first degree relatives. Studies have shown that some PCas can be inherited as an autosomal dominant model and it has been estimated that PCa family, due to a rare gene with high penetrance, accounted for approximately 10% of all PCa [9] Recently, genome-wide association studies have identified at www.oncotarget.com least 100 susceptibility loci associated with PCa [10]. They contribute to a small increase in PCa risk but taken together approximately 30% of the familial risk is due to such variants

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