Family burden after critical illness: the forgotten caregivers

Abstract

ObjectiveTo determine the incidence of primary caregiver burden in a cohort of family members of critically ill patients admitted to ICU and to identify risk factors related to its development in both the patient and the family member. DesignProspective observational cohort study was conducted for 24 months. SettingHospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada. PatientsThe sample was the primary caregivers of all patients with risk factors for development of PICS (Post-Intensive Care Syndrome). InterventionsThe follow-up protocol consisted of evaluation 3 months after discharge from the ICU in a specific consultation. Main variables of interestThe scales used in patients were Barthel, SF-12, HADS, Pfeiffer, IES-6 and in relatives the Apgar and Zarit. ResultsA total of 93 patients and caregivers were included in the follow-up. 15 relatives did not complete the follow-up questionnaires and were excluded from the study. The incidence of PICS-F (Family Post Intensive Care Syndrome) defined by the presence of primary caregiver burden in our cohort of patients is 34.6% (n=27), 95% CI 25.0−45.7. The risk factors for the development of caregiver burden are the presence of physical impairment, anxiety or post-traumatic stress in the patient, with no relationship found with the characteristics studied in the family member. ConclusionsOne out of 3 relatives of patients with risk factors for the development of PICS presents at 3 months caregiver burden. This is related to factors dependent on the patient's state of health.