Family and community guidance in adolescence: assessment in the family health strategy.

Rosimara Oliveira Queiroz,Bianca Machado Cruz Shibukawa,Rosana Rosseto De Oliveira,Roberta Tognollo Borotta Uema,Márcia Moroskoski,Ieda Harumi Higarashi

doi:10.1590/1518-8345.4599.3457

Rosimara Oliveira Queiroz, Bianca Machado Cruz Shibukawa + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.4599.3457

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Abstract

Objective:to evaluate family and community guidance in adolescence, within the scope of Primary Health Care.Method:an evaluative and descriptive study with a quantitative approach, developed through the application of the Primary Care Assessment Instrument (PCATool), with 70 professionals from the Family Health Strategy and 140 adolescents from the widerange areas. Data collection took place in Basic Health Units and in the adolescents’ homes in a municipality of southern Brazil, from May to September 2019. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using ANOVA and Tukey’s test, performed using the R Studio software.Results:there was divergence in the assessment of the attributes of family and community guidance between users and responsible professionals, showing weaknesses in the communication process and in the formation of the care bond in this reality, with impacts on quality of care.Conclusion:there was a need for continued assessment of the care practice in primary health care, as well as for permanent education with a focus on increasing qualification of care for adolescents.

Highlights

The adolescence phase is associated with several milestones and peculiarities, being defined as the period of life that individuals enter when they turns 12, corresponding to a stage of transition from childhood to adulthood
Within the scope of Primary Health Care (PHC), several gaps or difficulties still permeate actions aimed at the adolescents, which include from lack of training of the professionals, including structural deficiencies in health units for the reception of the adolescents to lack of involvement of this clientele in the action planning process, composing a scenario of weaknesses that compromises comprehensive quality care[3,4,5]
The challenges of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) demand greater political and institutional effort, through financing, personnel management and education and the guarantee of comprehensive care, with a view to achieving the appropriate balance between the individual approach in a timely manner and the community approach to address the social determinants, challenges that hinder the organization of PHC as the main axis of the health system[4,6,7]

Summary

Introduction

The adolescence phase is associated with several milestones and peculiarities, being defined as the period of life that individuals enter when they turns 12, corresponding to a stage of transition from childhood to adulthood In this process, adolescents face a series of changes in physical, cognitive, psychosocial, sexual and identity crises. Adolescents’ adherence to primary care actions, especially in the FHS, is stimulated by structuring the service, preparing the professional and the team, and by the adolescent understanding the health-disease processes[4,6] In this sense, it is worth mentioning that the work process of the FHS, largely aimed at specific audiences and programs, can be the main responsible for the reductionist knowledge of their actions, by the adolescent and by other users of the service[8]

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