Abstract
BackgroundHypersensitivity pneumonitis is defined as an allergic lung disease that occurs in response to inhalation of fungal antigens, bacterial antigens, chemicals, dusts, or animal proteins. The incidence of summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis is higher in the summer season, especially in Japan, due to the influence of the hot and humid environment and the common style of wood house or old concrete condominiums.Case presentationThe present report describes a case of a middle-aged married couple who lived in the same house and who simultaneously suffered from summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis. This report analyzes these two cases in terms of environmental research and its microbiological, radiological, and pathological aspects. This case report is followed by a review of family occurrences of summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis from 22 studies with a total of 49 patients (including the two present cases) in Japan.ConclusionSummer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis may be unrecognized and misdiagnosed as pneumonia or other respiratory diseases. A greater understanding of the clinical, pathologic, and environmental features of summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis might help improve diagnosis and delivery of appropriate management for this condition.
Highlights
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is defined as an allergic lung disease that occurs in response to inhalation of fungal antigens, bacterial antigens, chemicals, dusts, or animal proteins
Summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis (SHP) is a form of hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by inhalation of Trichosporon asahii or mucoides during a hot and humid summer season
Serum anti-Trichosporon asahii antibody was positive by enzyme immunoassay (1.91), and biopsied specimens obtained from transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) showed organization within the peribronchial area, with alveolitis accompanying lymphocytic infiltration (Figure 1C), suggesting transbronchial spread
Summary
Summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis may be unrecognized and misdiagnosed as pneumonia or other respiratory diseases. Consent Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this Case Report and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal. Authors’ contributions AN and TS drafted the initial manuscript and modified it in reference to the other. AN, TS, and TW were involved in diagnostics and treatment of the patient. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Author details 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, 181-8611, Mitaka City, Tokyo, Japan.
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