Abstract
Thyroid carcinomas (TCs) originating from follicular cells of the thyroid gland occur in both humans and dogs, and they have highly similar histomorphologic patterns. In dogs, TCs have not been extensively investigated, especially concerning the familial origin of TCs. Here, we report familial thyroid follicular cell carcinomas (FCCs) confirmed by histology in 54 Dutch origin German longhaired pointers. From the pedigree, 45 of 54 histopathologically confirmed cases are closely related to a pair of first‐half cousins in the past, indicating a familial disease. In addition, genetics contributed more to the thyroid FCC than other factors by an estimated heritability of 0.62 based on pedigree. The age of diagnosis ranged between 4.5 and 13.5 years, and 76% of cases were diagnosed before 10 years of age, implying an early onset of disease. We observed a significant higher pedigree‐based inbreeding coefficient in the affected dogs (mean F, 0.23) compared to unaffected dogs (mean F, 0.14), suggesting the contribution of inbreeding to tumour development. The unique occurrence of familial thyroid FCC in this dog population and the large number of affected dogs make this population an important model to identify the genetic basis of familial thyroid FCC in this breed and may contribute to the research into pathogenesis, prevention and treatment in humans.
Highlights
Many dog breeds are predisposed to a variety of specific cancers due to consanguinity and inbreeding.[1]
We review clinical and histopathological assessments of the German longhaired pointers (GLPs) with thyroid tumours and present genetic assessment including the inbreeding and heritability estimation based on pedigree
Twenty-nine dogs were suspected of thyroid neoplasia based on typical clinical signs like the presence of cervical mass, but no further diagnostics have been performed
Summary
Many dog breeds are predisposed to a variety of specific cancers due to consanguinity and inbreeding.[1]. We review clinical and histopathological assessments of the GLPs with thyroid tumours and present genetic assessment including the inbreeding and heritability estimation based on pedigree. GLPs with histopathologically confirmed follicular cell TC were included as cases in this study and used in genetic analysis.
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