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Abstract
The purpose of the current article is to explore familial factors that influence the development of social anxiety disorder (SAD) in children and adolescents, including parenting, sibling relationships, and family environment. A multitude of interrelated genetic and familial factors have been found to cause and maintain SAD in children and adolescents. There are many challenges in diagnosing and treating the disorder. Knowledge and awareness of familial factors provide insight on targeted treatments that prevent or ameliorate SAD. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 59(7), 23-34.].
Highlights
DEFINITION OF SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDERsocial anxiety disorder (SAD) is extreme fear and anxiety in social situations leading to significant levels of distress (APA, 2013)
The purpose of the current article is to explore familial factors that influence the development of social anxiety disorder (SAD) in children and adolescents, including parenting, sibling relationships, and family environment
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is one example of a disorder in which there is a complex relationship between genetics and environment
Summary
SAD is extreme fear and anxiety in social situations leading to significant levels of distress (APA, 2013). Child attachment; negative parenting styles, such as overcontrol or criticism; and modeling social anxiety have been implicated in the development of SAD in children. Children of mothers with SAD were evaluated using doll-play and noted to be more likely to interpret socially ambiguous scenarios as being negative and had higher levels of internalizing symptoms such as anxious-depression, withdrawal, or somatization (Murray et al, 2014). Adolescents who lack a cohesive family environment or who experience poor parental relationships may be more prone to compliant behaviors with peers, leading to victimization, rejection, and increased social anxiety (Kapoor et al, 2020; León-Moreno et al, 2020; Su et al, 2016; Weymouth & Buehler, 2018). Cumulative emotional support given across multiple contexts of family, peers, and school has been proposed as a mechanism to decrease loneliness and social anxiety in children and adolescents (Cavanaugh & Buehler, 2016)
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