Abstract
Fungal strains isolated from fermented maize (ogi) (PW) and sorghum-based brewery wastewaters (BW) and two soil isolates were evaluated for oleaginicity. The fungal isolates from the wastewater that had lipid content of at least 20% of their biomass were identified by both culture methods and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1-5.8S-ITS2 ribosomal DNA sequencing. The isolates were identified to be Aspergillus fumigatus (PW8), Aspergillus flavus (PW10), Candida tropicalis (PW16) and Aspergillus tubingensis (PW3), Trichosporon luoberi (BW7), Aspergillus sp. (BW4) and Candida tropicalis (BW1; BW3). FAMEs composition was determined for the four strains with the highest lipid content by acid-catalyzed transesterification and analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). Palmitoleic acid was the dominant fatty acid in M. circinelloides and T. reesei, and the best producers of capric and lauric acids were Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus sp. (BW4), respectively. These fatty acids are beneficial in making cosmetics and pharmaceuticals (antimicrobials and dietary supplements). The analysis of the FAMEs profile in the species indicated low amounts or absence of some key long chain fatty acid (LCFA) constituents of biodiesels. Based on the FAMEs profile of M. circinelloides investigated, this strain could hold promise for use as feedstock for biodiesel with genetic engineering and a tailored lipid production favouring enrichment of LCFA.
 Keywords: Fungal lipids, wastewater, fatty acid methyl ester, GC-FID
Highlights
Filamentous fungi have broad application as production hosts in the industry mainly for their capacity to secrete metabolites (Peberdy, 1994, Punt et al, 2002; Wosten, 2019)
A total of twenty-five fungal isolates were obtained from 10-5 PDA dilution plates of the brewery wastewater and fermented cereal ogi wastewater
From the mixed culture plates (Fig.1), nine isolates were obtained from the brewery wastewater and sixteen isolates from the ogi wastewater
Summary
Filamentous fungi have broad application as production hosts in the industry mainly for their capacity to secrete metabolites (Peberdy, 1994, Punt et al, 2002; Wosten, 2019). Microbial oils are secondary metabolites produced by bacteria, yeast, fungi and microalgae and are accumulated within specific organelles like lipid bodies within the cell (Kosa and Ragauskas, 2011). A microorganism is said to be oleaginous when it can accumulate more than 20% of biomass as lipids (Ratledge and Wynn, 2002; Thevenieau and Nicaud, 2013). Microbial systems that can produce and store oil have attracted significant research attention in recent years (Bharathiraja et al, 2017), especially triacylglycerols (TAGs) produced from oleaginous microorganisms as the supplementary sources of conventional oil for biodiesel production (Thevenieau and Nicaud, 2013).
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