False banana fiber reinforced geopolymer composite – A novel sustainable material

Abstract

A new geopolymer composite material was produced using low-calcium fly ash and false banana plant fiber. The effect of fiber content and length on the mechanical and microstructural properties of the resulting composite material was investigated. Results showed that the addition of alkali-treated false banana fiber significantly improved the compressive and splitting tensile strength of the composites. In particular, incorporating a 10 mm length fiber at a 1.4 % volume fraction increased compressive and splitting tensile strength by 31 % and 33 %, respectively, when compared to the pure geopolymer paste specimens. Furthermore, unlike the neat geopolymer paste specimens, all composites failed gracefully. In addition to this, FTIR absorption peaks and SEM micrographs demonstrated that alkali treatment effectively changes fiber morphology and chemical characteristics. Additionally, fiber pull-out, fiber bridging, and fiber fracture were identified as energy-absorbing mechanisms responsible for increasing the mechanical properties of the composites. In general, the results showed that using natural false banana fiber as reinforcement enhances the mechanical properties of geopolymer composites, making them a more environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic fibers in composite production.