Fallow preceding crops of spring wheat on black soils of Western Transbaikal territory

Abstract

The article presents the materials of the study of various preceding crops on the yield of spring wheat in the conditions of black soils in steppe zone of the Republic of Buryatia. The research is a comparative study of next forecrops: summer fallow, green manured fallow and seeded fallow. Crops sown on a seeded fallow are oil radish crops and pea-oat mixture. It was established that the yield of spring wheat on summer fallow for three years in average was – 15.9 c/ha, on the sown fallow (oil radish) – 13.3 c/ha, on the sown fallow (peas – oat) – 14.5 c/ha, green-manured fallow (oil radish) - 15.2 c/ha, and green-manured fallow (peas - oat) – 15.3 c/ha. In steppe zone of the Republic of Buryatia the best forecrop of spring wheat of breeds Buryatskaya 79 on black soil is summer fallow, both in dry and humid years. The best yield of top soil green mass and plant residues provides a pea - oat mixture among the crops in field test that were for seeded fallow crops.