Faktory ovlivňující ekonomiku provozu traktorových souprav

Abstract

An appropriate additional load of driving wheels is very important for an efficient use of engine output. This additional load influences significantly the driving momentum and, thus, the pulling efficiency of the tractor. This pulling force is dependent on adhesion forces influencing the driving wheels and it can be said that the higher this adhesion force (i. e. the higher additional load), the higher the adhesion force and the higher the engine output. In this paper the authors present results of measurements of the pulling characteristics on a roller dynamometer. The measurements were performed in two variants, viz. (i) with additional loading only when using the basic load and (ii) with an additional load simulating the load of a plough. The measured parameters demonstrated that the additional loading either increased the tractor‘s pulling strength or reduced the slippage of wheels. The increase in the pulling strength was manifested especially when using lower gears. The obtained results documented the importance of additional loading.From the practical point of view this additional load influenced above all operation with attached or pulled machines. If the regulatory systems of tractor’s three-point suspension are correctly used, it is possible to transfer automatically a part of machine weight to the driving wheels and to increase the tractor’s pulling strength. A graphical presentation of obtained results (i. e. without and with the additional load can provide quite concrete output values, which document the economic advantages resulting from a correct selection of tractor’s operational mode.