Faktori koji mogu imati uticaj na uspešnost edukacije ezofagusnog glasa i govora laringektomisanih pacijenata

Abstract

Introduction: The most humane, economically most justified, and according to many authors, also the first method of choice in vocal rehabilitation of totally laryngectomized patients is the use of esophageal voice and speech. While mastering this method, it is necessary to train the patients to form and use the air reservoir in the upper third of esophagus that serves as a voice activator whose airstream causes the vibrations of the pharyngoesophageal segment as the new voice generator. Objective: To investigate the factors that may affect the success of esophageal voice and speech education in clinical practice and emphasize the importance of knowing them in order to further improve this method of rehabilitation. Methods: Comprehensive review of the literature was performed by using the following databases: Google Scholar, SCIndex, PubMed and ResearchGate. The search was based on the following terminology: laryngectomy, esophageal speech, education, factors, success, treatment outcome, and their counterparts in Serbian language. Results: There are numerous factors that may affect the success of esophageal voice and speech education (anatomical-physiological, psychosocial, patient related, treatment and rehabilitation related factors, socio-demographic, physiological and others), among which the motivational status of the patient is of the greatest importance. Conclusion: There are still no clearly defined, generally accepted and comprehensive criteria for assessing the degree of success of mastered esophageal voice and speech, and consequently the lack of defined uniform factors affecting this success, positively or negatively, is present. Of the numerous observed factors, the importance of the patient's motivational status is most often emphasized.