Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Hasil Agribisnis Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura serta Implikasinya Terhadap Kesempatan Kerja dan Kesejahteraan Rumah Tangga Petani di Provinsi Jawa Barat

Abstract

Dudung Mulyadi , 2016, The Factors Affecting Crop Argribusiness and Horticulture and its Implication on Job Opportunities and the Welfare of the Farmers’ Households in West Java. The dissertation under the Guidance of Prof. Dr. Ir. Darwati Susilastuti, MM as the Main Advisor and Dr. Ir. Sunar, MS as a the Co-Advisor. The development of the agribusiness sector is a process of economic transition to increase the revenue and social welfare of agrarian people. The problems of farming in Indonesia are the decrease of the agricultural land area in West Java for small or landless farmers. Necessaily, the the welfare of farmers is not favourable because most of them are cultivators with the system of halves or share profits. The farmers’ capitals are limited to their households own capital since they do not have access to financial institutions. Additionally, it is ascertained that the quality of human resources is low, the technological instrument for farming is insufficient, and the market access of agricultural products is also low. The research aims to study of the impacts of farmland, venture capital, technology, marketing the products, and human resources on crop agribusiness and horticulture. The researcah also study the implication of crop agribusiness towards job opportunities and the welfare of the farm households. It is expected from this reasearch that the role of economic transition in agribusiness sector that increase job opportunities and advance the farmers’ welfare could be identified. The research uses the explanatory method explaining the causal relationship among factors related to welfare of the farmers’ households in West Java through hypothesis testing. The data are of the cross sectional types and they are collected from 17 regencies in West Java. The research model applies the Cobb-Douglas principles and uses the statistical analysis of linear regression through the Ordinary Least Square method (OLS). The research findings are (1) farmland, capital venture, marketing technology products and good affections of human resource affect significantly on the crop agribusiness and horticulture; (2) Crop agribusiness and horiculture have good significant effect on job opportunities; (3) Crop agribusiness and horticulture show weak effect on the welfare of farm housholds. In general it could be concluded that crop agribusiness and horticulture have not reinforce the welfare of farmers’ households in West Java province. The results of research implied that the increment of farmland, adequate capital venture investments, well implemented technology, well-organized products marketing, and a great quality of human resource improve the crop argibusiness and horticulture. The better the agribusiness is managed the better increment of job opportunities in West Java province. Keywords: farmland, capital venture, technology, products marketing, human resource management, crop agribusiness and horticulture, job opportunities and farm households welfare.