Fake News Detection Using Machine Learning Models

Abstract

Nowadays, with the widespread use of technology, fake news and rumors are spreading too. People and society are greatly impacted by fake news, which also can be used as phishing attempts and a way of stealing their information. In many areas of our lives, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) have demonstrated their effectiveness. Furthermore, Natural Language Processing (NLP) has shown promising results in text classification applications. In this study, we proposed an experimental study for detecting fake news using ML models. The proposed model analyzes the main text of the news using NLP techniques and then classifies the news into fake or real news. We used a new dataset that combined multiple fake news datasets. Moreover, we studied the impact of features extraction methods on the performance of the developed models. Eight experiments were performed using Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) models, each with a different features extraction technique. The SVM model resulted in the best performance with an accuracy level of 98%. This result proves the model ability to be deployed and used in real-world with high reliability, to detect fake news.