Fairy tales of Indonesia and their formulas

Abstract

This article dwells upon the study of the ethics and style of a fairy tale based on the material of Malay-Indonesian folklore. The purpose of our study is to analyze the poetic system of the Indonesian magic tale as a functionally organized unity of its components. In this article we considered the medial formulas of the fairy tale, which we subdivided into "external" and "internal", that is, formulas designed to arouse listeners' interest, and transitional (internal) formulas. These stable poetic structures (formulas) play a significant role in the compositional structure of a fairy tale, as well as in the characterization of fairy tale characters. The most important functions (actions) of the characters are marked with formulas. The scientific novelty of our study is that the work attempted to interpret the methodical methods of analysis developed by the outstanding folklorist V.Ya. Propp on the material of Russian folk tales, in the context of Indonesian magic tales. The folklore of the ethnic groups of Nusantara is characterized by a variety of ancient genres and types; it is a complex system of constantly interacting genres that has been formed over the centuries. It is composed of a kind of mythological and ritual poetry, monumental heroic epic, historical and heroic legends, folk lyrics and drama, various paremiological genres. In Uzbekistan, a special study of the elements of the poetics of the Indonesian fairy tale has not been carried out yet, as well as there is no methodology for conducting analysis. The question of the autochthonous nature of the plots of a fairy tale does not raise doubts among the majority of researchers of Indonesian and Malay folklore. The originally Indonesian character of the described geographical setting and the details of their life, ethnographic realities, the names of the characters - all this testifies to the fact that fairy tales are the fruit of the national culture of the peoples of the archipelago (Nusantra). When writing the work, the tales of the peoples of Nusantara in Indonesian, Malay and Russian, published throughout the XX century, were involved. Thus, this study is based on materials from the fairytale tradition of the peoples of Nusantara, as it appears to us throughout the past XX century. The completeness of such material and the legitimacy of its use for research does not have to be indicated - after all, at this stage, the Nusantar fairy tale retained the traditional plot composition, images of poetics.