Abstract

<h3>Abstract</h3> In plants, the antagonism between growth and defense is hardwired by hormonal signaling. Perception of Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) from invading microorganisms inhibits auxin signaling and growth. Conversely,...

Highlights

  • Failures of the therapeutic chain as a cause of drug ineffectiveness

  • Serious flaws in the published pivotal trial that served as the basis for the global promotion of celecoxib were made public,[3] and alosetron was reapproved by FDA amid accusations that the FDA had become a servant of the drug industry.[4]

  • While the ratio of therapeutic benefit to risk of drugs depends on the circumstances surrounding their use, agencies regulating drugs increasingly tend to assess quality, efficacy, and safety as if these were independent of the way and the context in which drugs are prescribed, dispensed, and used

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Summary

Introduction

Failures of the therapeutic chain as a cause of drug ineffectiveness This process includes development, regulation (including registration), marketing, distribution, prescription, dispensing, and use of the drug.[1]

Results
Conclusion
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