Abstract
Exploring the failure mode of passive film is the most fundamental issue for corrosion research and prevention of metals. In the actual service of reinforced concrete structures, steel rebars are typically exposed to a complex solution environment, characterized by electric fields, chloride ions, and fluctuating temperatures. Using scanning electron microscope, scanning electrochemical microscope, and a series of electrochemical tests, we present the damage mode of steel passive film in a simulated alkaline environment of concrete; and then establish a deductive diagram to illustrate it. Additionally, we use atomic force microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope to explore the structural characteristics of passive film on an atomic scale, and confirm that specific ion channels serve as the pathway for chloride invasion. This study can enable a deeper understanding of the micro-mechanisms involved in steel depassivation and the initiation of corrosion electrochemical reaction.
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