Failure mechanism and predictive model of lithium-ion batteries under extremely high transient impact

Abstract

With the advantage of high energy density, lithium batteries are widely used in industrial and military applications. However, under the complex conditions of vehicle collision and high-speed flight ammunition, lithium-ion batteries have functional failure, which seriously affects the safety and stability of systems using batteries. In this paper, research on the electric parameter drift of lithium-ion batteries under high impact is carried out through a machete test system, and the experimental phenomena are analyzed theoretically. Based on this, an equivalent circuit model is established to analyze the failure phenomenon and mechanism of lithium-ion batteries under more extreme impact scenarios, which are difficult to test in the laboratory. Finally, the mechanical impact dynamic (MID) model of lithium-ion batteries at the moment of high impact is established, and the influence of separator thickness, elastic modulus and other parameters on the impact resistance of lithium-ion batteries is revealed, which provides a reference for the optimization design of lithium-ion batteries under a high-impact environment.