Abstract
This paper investigates the causes of failure in the tubes of a 12,000 kg/hr. dual fired steam boiler used in a Food and Beverage manufacturing plant located in southwestern Nigeria. The techniques adopted in analyzing the failure includes visual examination, chemical composition analysis, microstructural analysis, and water chemistry analysis. All the investigations were carried out in accordance with the British standard code BS 3059 PART 1 GR 320 ERW. Physical examination revealed some levels of rupture both on the flue gas side and the water sides. Decarburization and grain growth were observed on the outer diameter (OD) of the tubes while pitting and thermal oxidation were noticed on the internal diameter (ID). Uneven heat distribution in the boiler tube was attributed to corrosion emanating from the scaling in the OD. The failure mechanism in the boiler tubes was attributed to significant localized corrosion and uneven heat distribution in the tubes which caused thermal oxidation.
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