Abstract
The fracture of coal is the main channel of gas flow and an important factor affecting the stability and efficiency of gas drainage boreholes. The coal structure, the development of hole cracks, and the degree of deformation are different. It affects the strength and mechanical deformation characteristics of coal to a great extent. In order to investigate the law of fracture evolution around the borehole of fractured coal, uniaxial and triaxial compression tests of raw coal samples have been carried out. The stress field evolution characteristics of fractured coal under compression were analyzed by Particle Flow Code (PFC2D). The strength, deformation, and fracture evolution behavior of fractured coal around boreholes under different confining pressures were studied. The results show that the compressive strength and fracture morphology evolution characteristics of coal around the hole are obviously related to the confining pressure and fracture occurrence of raw coal. The borehole structure itself has an important influence on the distribution location of the shear failure zone of the fracture around the hole, and its influence degree increases with the decrease of borehole confining pressure. During the deformation of coal with cracks around the hole, the initiation, propagation, and union behavior of cracks are related to the crack angle β. The cracks with β 0 and 180° are most easily closed during compression and the cracks with β 90° have little effect on the crack propagation zone. When the crack angle β is 45°, it is most easy to sprout and expand at the end; when the coal is compressed to the ultimate strength, the increase rate of the tensile crack increases, and the polymerization and combination behavior of the crack is more obvious. The evolution cloud map of the stress field can better reflect the evolution characteristics of fracture development, expansion, and fracture in the process of coal loading. Studying the failure behavior and fracture evolution mechanism of the coal around the hole can better predict and control the gas migration and extraction effect, which is of great significance to prevent the occurrence of gas accidents.
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